Lactuca biennis (Moench) Fern. | Species Image Gallery (opens in a new window) |
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TAXONOMY | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Family: | Asteraceae or Compositae | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Genus: | Lactuca | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Species Synonyms: | Mulgedium spicatum auct. non (Lam.) Small Mulgedium spicatum var. integrifolium (Torr. & Gray) Small Lactuca spicata var. integrifolia (Torr. & Gray) Britt. Lactuca spicata auct. non (Lam.) A.S. Hitchc. |
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Common Names: | tall blue lettuce wild blue lettuce blue wood lettuce |
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DISTRIBUTION | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Canada: | southern Yukon Territory – British Columbia – Labrador – Newfoundland – Nova Scotia | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Saskatchewan: | southern and central Saskatchewan | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ecoregion: | Cypress Upland, Aspen Parkland, Boreal Transition, Mid-Boreal Upland, Mid-Boreal Lowland, Churchill River Upland | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
HABITAT | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Saskatchewan: | moist woods and shrub thickets | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Associated Species: | American purple vetch, speckled alder, squashberry, veiny meadow rue, water hemlock | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
RARITY STATUS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Provincial
Status According to Harms (2003): |
Vulnerable |
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Nature Conservancy Status: | G5 S2 |
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Saskatchewan
Species at Risk Status: |
None |
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COSEWIC Status: | None |
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Tall blue lettuce is apparently secure, with numerous populations throughout the province. However, local populations are small, leaving this plant vulnerable to changes in habitat. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SPECIES DESCRIPTION | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Height: | 1 – 2.5 m tall | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Roots: | taproot | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stems: | to 1.5 cm wide; hairless | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Leaves: | basal and lower leaves sessile, base tapered to arrow-shaped, tip broadly triangular, hairs epidermal, margin toothed; middle and upper leaves with winged stalk, 10 – 25 cm long, 5 – 10 cm wide, base tapered to arrow-shaped, hairy on midvein, hairless above, margin lobed to entire, sometimes lobes are downwards pointing; upper leaves narrow, with clasping ear-like lobes, margin entire | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Inflorescence: | heads 50 – 100 in a cone-shaped panicle, ray flowers only; bracts ~24 in several overlapping series, black-tipped | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Flowers: | ray flowers 25 – 40, blue or creamy white | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fruits: | achenes 3 – 5 mm long, several nerved, flattened, grey to reddish brown; beak brown, stout, to 1 mm long, or absent; pappus of capillary bristles in 3 or 4 series, short outer pappus, tawny to greyish | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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